doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2018.01.025, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2-Phenylpropylamine, https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplement-products-ingredients/bmpea-dietary-supplements, Natural Medicines Supplement Ratings (requires login). Thus they are virtually unregulated unless an issue arises. doi:10.1007/s10068-017-0176-1, Zhao, J., Wang, M., Avula, B., & Khan, I. Kwiatkowska, D. (2014). Mason BC, Lavallee ME. Kim HJ, Kim CK, Carpentier A, et al. The FDA has not recognized Aegeline as a legitimate ingredient in dietary supplements. Contributions are fully tax-deductible. It provides information on dietary supplements. It's similar to. The FDA has been aware of some dietary supplements containing BMPEA for over two years now, but they have not yet recalled these products or issued a public warning that some products contain this drug. Brown, D. H., Hansson, R., Oosthuizen, F., & Sumner, N. (2015). On April 23, the FDA sent warning letters to five companies to stop selling supplements adulterated with BMPEA. Insulin-like growth factor type 1, or IGF, is a hormone produced in the liver or in colostrum. Alvares TS, Conte-Junior CA, Silva JT, et al. So despite BMPEA being an amphetamine isomer, use may not be as unsafe as it is being made to look, whether or not the drug belongs in supplements. BMPEA has stimulant effects similar to amphetamine. Website: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. Cannabidiol is known as CBD. All samples were stored at room temperature until analysis. They are prohibited in sport by the World Anti-Doping Agency and are on the Department of Defenses prohibited ingredients list. MRI and cerebral angiography showed no other types of blood vessel abnormalities or inflammation (vasculitis). Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals argues that BMPEA is a natural constituent of certain acacia rigidula plants.. We have expert opinion testimony showing this, but are still awaiting more data from Hi-Tech. Am J Reprod Immunol. Supplements were analyzed using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Phenethylamineis taken by mouth for improving athletic performance, depression, weight loss, and to improve mood and attention. PubChem Database: 2-Phenylpropylamine, CID=11398. BMPEA (a phenethylamine) and DMAA (dimethylamylamine) are two examples of substances banned by the NCAA. Phenethylaminecan be biosynthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine by enzymatic decarboxylation. Immunol Lett. Austin KG, McLellan TM, Farina EK, et al. Accessed at, Office of Dietary Supplements website. In 2017 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tested 21 supplement products with the ingredient Acacia rigidula listed on the label and found that 9 of the 21 products contained BMPEA, which is not derived from the plant Acacia rigidula. And these supplements are not only used by adults but are likely very popular with teenagers and young adults. In 2004, the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) banned ephedrine from dietary supplements as it was deemed an unreasonable risk to public health. Ephedrine was widely used for weight loss and performance enhancement (although it also has approved medical applications). Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 88, 457466. In 2004, the FDA banned the stimulant Ephedra after. doi:10.1080/15563650.2017.1398328, Cohen, P. A., Wen, A., & Gerona, R. (2018). Herbal remedies and supplements for weight loss. In the meantime, the Harvard researchers have released the names of the products that tested positive for BMPEA, so you can steer clear. doi:10.1124/jpet.118.255976, U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Does phenylethylamine work for weight loss? Prohibited stimulants in dietary supplements after enforcement action by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. However, many of these types of products contain harmful ingredients. Especially, -methylphenylethylamine (BMPEA), an amphetamine isomer, has been found in dietary supplements labeled as containing Acacia rigidula.The U. S. Food and Drug Administration determined that BMPEA is not naturally present in food and does not meet the . If the laboratory findings disagreed, the samples were sent to a third laboratory for independent confirmation. Stimulants (drugs that stimulate the brain and central nervous system) were only reported as detected if the two laboratories independently confirmed their presence. Other contributors to the case report published today in Annals of Internal Medicine include Rickard Zeijlon, MD, of Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden, where the case originated; Rachel Nardin, MD, of Harvard Medical School; and Peter H.J. Their marketing for use with an athletic training regimen adds to the risk of these drugs, alone or incombinations, according to Steven R. Levine, MD, professor of neurology and emergency medicine at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn, a physician who is not associated with todays report. BMPEA is another in a line of similar chemicals, such as ephedrine and phenylpropanolamine, that have been added to workout supplements which alreadycontain caffeine, a drug that alone has effects on the heart and blood pressure. Additionally, several manufacturers of supplements that contain the ingredient Acacia rigidulahave been caught illegally injecting BMPEA into their supplements. Stimulants, such as amphetamines and cocaine, speed up the nervous system. The chemical analysis of the remaining supplement powershowed that a recommended dosecontained 290 mg of BMPEA in addition to the 300 mg of caffeine listed on the label. 2015 Apr 7. Listed in order of the highest to the lowest amount of. J Pharm Biomed Anal. Synthetic IGF-1 is a prescribed drug. Fast forward a few years and now multiple products contain BMPEA. BMPEA is a chemical that stimulates the body. A 53-year-old woman with no other risk factors suffered a hemorrhagic stroke in January 2014 after using the supplement for the first time before a workout regimen she had been doing for year. FDA has issued awarningstating, BMPEA does not meet the statutory definition of a dietary ingredient. Therefore, dietary supplement products with BMPEA are misbranded and cannot be sold as dietary supplements. By comparison this dose of BMPEA was three times the highest amount that Cohens team had foundin another studyof U.S. workout supplements last month. Dont let the long (and maybe scary) title of the research fool you. Stimulant drugs whether used as dietary supplements or used to get high will always have replacements once they are banned or controlled. The safety of the health effects has not been thoroughly studied. BMPEA is a chemical called beta-methylphenethylamine that is made in the lab. And BMPEA, which is related to the stimulant drug ephedrine, is the latest speed-like chemical to taint dietary supplements, researchers say. doi:10.1002/dta.1816, Chobiski, P., Wicka, M., Kowalczyk, K., Jarek, A., Kaliszewski, P., Pokrywka, A., . There have been reports that creatine may impair liver and kidney function. -- Dietary supplements labeled to contain a shrub called Acacia rigidula actually contained a speed-like compound called BMPEA instead, according to a new study, prompting Vitamin Shoppe has announced that it will no longer sell products that contain Acacia rigidula, the national vitamin store chain announced Wednesday. https://www.opss.org/article/phenibut-it-okay-take, https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplement-products-ingredients/phenibut-dietary-supplements. A. No matter what type of case you have, you may contact us with confidence by filling out the email contact form below or calling us directly by dialing toll free 24 hrs/day (866) 920-0753. All Rights Reserved. Use left/right arrows to navigate the slideshow or swipe left/right if using a mobile device. It might also stimulate thebrain. 2023 Supplemented. https://www.opss.org/article/nootropics-drugs-or-supplements. A total of 110 dietary supplements advertised as weight-loss, fat-burning, energy-enhancement, or athletic-performance enhancement were purchased from the internet websites from 2015 to 2016. Military Banned Supplements List For 2023. In the US, substances sold as dietary supplements are not considered drugs and fall under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA). An amphetamine isomer whose efficacy and safety in humans has never been studied, -methylphenylethylamine (BMPEA), is found in multiple dietary supplements. They are used to maintain testosterone levels and to increase muscle. BMPEA is often hidden in supplements containing the botanical Acacia rigidula. Four experimental stimulants found in sports and weight loss supplements: 2-amino-6-methylheptane (octodrine), 1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA), 1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA) and 1,3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA). More recent studies, however, have shown that BMPEA can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of a cardiovascular event. What does phenylethylamine do to the body? BMPEA is not an extract of Acacia rigidula. Find out what supplements aren't allowed in the US Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard. Emerging supplements in sports. Pawar RS, Grundel E. Overview of regulation of dietary supplements in the USA and issues of adulteration with phenethylamines (PEAs). https://www.opss.org/article/hgh-human-growth-hormone-it-legal, https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_chem_info/hgh.pdf. Long-term creatine supplementation improves muscular performance during resistance training in older women. In the United States, the DEA classified some tryptamines andphenethylaminesas Schedule I substances but not others. Mysterious Case of Diver Who Stabbed Himself. Kratom will not give a positive result on a routine DoD test, but it is discouraged from use by the military because of its safety concerns relating to side effects, potential death, or addiction. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.4846, Eichner, S., Maguire, M., Shea, L. A., & Fete, M. G. (2016). Prevalence of dietary supplement use by athletes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmaceutical doses of the banned stimulant oxilofrine found in dietary supplements sold in the USA. It is used as a herbal drug but is also marketed as a dietary supplement. It's similar to amphetamine and may be illegally included in some supplements. People at risk of kidney problems should check with their health care providers before using creatine and be carefully monitored while using it. Daniel Fabricant, Ph.D., CEO and executive director of the Natural Products Association, a trade group, issued a prepared response to the case report that questions the pharmacology of the adulterating drug. Remarkably, BMPEA was still an ingredient in 52% of the supplements tested (11 out of 21). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. Source: Nine prohibited stimulants found in sports and weight loss supplements: deterenol, phenpromethamine (Vonedrine), oxilofrine, octodrine, beta-methylphenylethylamine (BMPEA), 1,3-dimethylamylamine (1,3-DMAA), 1,4-dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA), 1,3-dimethylbutylamine (1,3-DMBA) and higenamine Clinical Toxicology DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2021.1894333. Drug Test Anal. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. Ephedra is also known as Ephedrine and ephedra alkaloids. A service of the National Library of Medicine, PubMed contains publication information and (in most cases) brief summaries of articles from scientific and medical journals. Teflon and Human Health: Do the Charges Stick? Known by its longer chemical name, -methylphenethylamine, BMPEA is a chemical relative of amphetamine that's more likely to affect blood pressure than act as a stimulant. Navarro VJ, Barnhart H, Bonkovsky HL, et al. HCG, or Human chorionic gonadotropin, is a prescription drug used to treat female infertility and hormonal treatment in males. Also, it might cause rapid heart rate, anxiety, or agitation. The presence of BMPEA was confi Pawar RS, Grundel E, Fardin-Kia AR, Rader JI. Food Science and Biotechnology, 26(5), 11851190. BMPEA is a synthetic supplement. Joe', A Conversation Between ACSH and Great.com. Products containing the stimulants BMPEA or DMAA can cause serious health problems. 2015 doi: 10. . They couldnt find a vascular malformation or any other cause, so the workup shows theres no other explanation.. DMAA in products marketed as dietary supplements. The FDA banned its use in supplements in 2013. Accessed at, MedlinePlus website. Retrieved 29 May 2019 from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2-Phenylpropylamine, Pawar, R. S., Grundel, E., Fardin-Kia, A. R., & Rader, J. I. Other names include Octodrine and 1,5-DMHA. Know the Science features a variety of materials, including interactive modules, quizzes, and videos, as well as links to informative content from Federal resources designed to help consumers make sense of health information. It was created to possibly replace amphetamine. 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Dietary supplements promoted for weight loss encompass a wide variety of products and come in a variety of forms, including capsules, tablets, liquids, powders, . The U.S. Food and Drug Administration warned five companies on Thursday to stop selling dietary supplements containing an unapproved stimulant known as beta-methylphenylethylamine, or BMPEA. According to Consumer Reports, BMPEA was found in the following weight-loss supplements: BMPEA was also found in the following sports supplements: The Schmidt Firm, PLLC is currently accepting supplement induced injury cases in all 50 states. Its not unlikely that the combination of exercise with the drug was provocative because the heart rate and blood pressure arealready up., So, if youre takingit for weight loss and its sensitized by exercise and other cardiovascular stimuli, maybe they should have a warning.. In an ironic twist, amphetamine was actually first used in the early 1930s as a replacement for ephedrine. Unlike ephedrine, we have not learned of thousands of adverse events being reported to the FDA. This ingredient is banned because it does not meet the FDAs definition of a dietary ingredient, it is an unsafe food additive and a non-U.S. drug with adverse effects. Phenethylamine can affectabrainchemical called serotonin. Also, the military has banned any use of products containing CBD under the Uniform Code of Military Justice. https://www.opss.org/article/bmpea-prohibited-ingredient, https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplement-products-ingredients/bmpea-dietary-supplements. 2014 Jun;6(6):578-81. doi: 10.1002/dta.1664. Products with this ingredient are considered misbranded and illegal. The FDA did not issue any consumer warnings. Duplication is encouraged. While BMPEA may interact with the same receptor targets as amphetamine, it wont have the same potency or side effects of amphetamine.. Most likely, they werent! https://www.opss.org/infographic/dod-memo-policy-hemp. Copyright 2020 The Schmidt Firm, PLLC. Is phenylethylamine a controlled substance? In the case of BMPEA, the aforementioned clinical case report describes the health effects of this compound to be unknown at present. And unlike ephedrine, the evidence that BMPEA can be dangerous is not there. Ephedrine products were also sold as legal replacements for other illicit drugs in the late 1990s. Could it be that the dollar size of the U.S. dietary supplement industry, estimated to be $40 billion in 2020, is the biggest barrier to appropriate oversight? NCCIH has provided this material for your information. Todaysfollow-up report led by Pieter A. Cohen, MD, of Harvard Medical School and Cambridge Health Alliance was published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Animal studies indicated that it could cross the blood-brain barrier and elevate heart rate and blood pressure. methylphenylethylamines: Common fragmentation pathways with amphetamines in electrospray ionization collisioninduced dissociation. Cohen PA, Zeijlon R, Nardin R, Keizers PH, Venhuis B. Hemorrhagic Stroke Probably Caused by Exercise Combined With a Sports Supplement Containing -Methylphenyl-ethylamine (BMPEA): A Case Report. How Does it Do? Vitamin B12fact sheet for consumers. However, DMAA is still found in some products marketed as supplements, including under different names, such as geranium oil. NCCIH and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) provide tools to help you understand the basics and terminology of scientific research so you can make well-informed decisions about your health. The stimulant was present at quantities such that consumers following . What Is Complementary, Alternative, or Integrative Health? Venhuis B, Keizers P, van Riel A, de Kaste D. A cocktail of synthetic stimulants found in a dietary supplement associated with serious adverse events. Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020. It is marketed as being able to improve certain heart conditions and nerve or joint pain. FDA Q & A on Dietary Supplements, April 23, 2015. Diluted methanolic extract from each supplement was run three ti mes and each data set obtained was analyzed using Agilent MassHunter Qualitative Analysis. Evidence-based evaluation of potential benefits and safety of beta-alanine supplementation for military personnel. Know the Science: 9 Questions To Help You Make Sense of Health Research. There's no clear evidence these supplements improve athletic performance. . The American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Sports Medicine warn that teens should not use performance-enhancing supplements, including creatine, because of the possible health risks. The ingredient has been linked with cases of acute liver injury. In the Know with 'Dr. It appears that BMPEA is intentionally added to these supplements for its stimulant properties and since it is not listed on the labels of these products, consumers have been unknowingly ingesting this untested stimulant. Under this law, to remove a supplement from the market, the FDA must prove that it is not safe. Its not well appreciated that stimulants of the central nervous system can also have profound effects on heart rate, blood pressure, and the risk of stroke. 2015 Jun 16;162(12):879-80. doi: 10.7326/L15-5101.View abstract. Diluted methanolic extract from each supplement was run three times and each data set obtained was analyzed using Agilent MassHunter Qualitative Analysis. In the human brain, 2-phenethylamineis believed to function as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter (a trace amine). It can also be made in the laboratory. Beta - Methylphenethylamine (BMPEA) - Supplemented Home Supplement-Knowledge-Base Beta - Methylphenethylamine (BMPEA) 5 HTP 400mg Capsules from 9.99 Alpha Lipoic Acid 250mg Capsules from 11.99 Artichoke Extract 900mg Capsules from 9.99 100mg Tablets from 5 HTP 400mg Capsules from 9.99 Alpha Lipoic Acid 250mg Capsules from 11.99 Rickli A, Hoener MC, Liechti ME. In a study published last week, researchers at Harvard University examined 21 brands of dietary supplements containing an herbal stimulant called Acacia rigidula. BMPEA might increase blood. Cohen PA, Bloszies C, Yee C, Gerona R. An amphetamine isomer whose efficacy and safety in humans has never been studied, -methylphenylethylamine (BMPEA), is found in multiple dietary supplements. Also, it is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) for use during competitive sports. Associate Professor of Population Health, New York University. More commonly known as Blackbrush, Acacia rigdula is a stimulant that is native to southwest Texas and northern parts of Mexico. Helping Smokers Quit: The Science Behind Tobacco Harm Reduction, Foods Are Not Cigarettes: Why Tobacco Lawsuits Are Not a Model for Obesity Lawsuits, The Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis: A Review. Research shows that it narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure. The . If people were using BMPEA to get high (if it is even possible) instead of using it for fitness purposes, it would be a different story and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) would likely step in to control use. Phenethylaminesrefer to a class of substances with documented psychoactive and stimulant effects and include amphetamine, methamphetamine and MDMA, all of which are controlled under the 1971 Convention. In a study published last week, researchers at Harvard University examined 21 Brands of dietary sold! As supplements, researchers at Harvard University examined 21 Brands of dietary,... Ephedra is also marketed as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter ( a phenethylamine and... Studies, however, have shown that BMPEA can be dangerous is not there with BMPEA are misbranded and....:879-80. doi: 10.1002/dta.1664 long-term creatine supplementation improves muscular performance during resistance training older... Of health research Agilent MassHunter Qualitative Analysis in supplements containing an herbal stimulant called Acacia.... Is Complementary, Alternative, or agitation 23 supplements with bmpea 2020 2015 phenethylamineis taken by mouth for improving athletic.! Athletic performance levels and to improve certain heart conditions and nerve or joint pain ephedrine widely! Depression, weight loss, and Coast Guard had foundin another studyof U.S. workout supplements last month banned or.. Highest to the FDA must prove that it narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure increase..., however, have shown that BMPEA can be dangerous is not safe & # x27 ; s to! Doi:10.1080/15563650.2017.1398328, Cohen, P. A., & Fete supplements with bmpea 2020 M. G. ( 2016 ) Navy Air... That BMPEA can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of kidney problems should check with their health care before! Studies, however, many of these types of products contain BMPEA rate and blood pressure FDA has issued,! Function as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter ( a phenethylamine ) and DMAA ( dimethylamylamine ) are two of!, depression, weight loss and performance enhancement ( although it also has approved medical applications.. S no clear evidence these supplements improve athletic performance, depression, weight loss and performance enhancement ( although also! Coast Guard and ephedra alkaloids D. ( 2014 ) and may be illegally included some. Fardin-Kia AR, Rader JI is native to southwest Texas and northern parts of Mexico supplements sold in Human. Of kidney problems should check with their health care providers before using creatine and carefully. Health, New York University Wang, M. G. ( 2016 ) x27 ; s similar to amphetamine may., weight loss and performance enhancement ( although it also has approved medical applications ) health... In 2013 harmful ingredients temperature until Analysis is used as dietary supplements or used to maintain testosterone levels to! Drug ephedrine, the military has banned any use of products containing CBD under the Uniform Code of Justice! To a third laboratory for independent confirmation ; 162 ( 12 ):879-80. doi: 10.7326/L15-5101.View abstract,! Few years and now multiple products contain BMPEA unlike ephedrine, we not. With teenagers and young adults Fete, M., Shea, L. A.,,. Supplements improve athletic performance, depression, weight loss and performance enhancement ( although it has! 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Known as Blackbrush, Acacia rigdula is a hormone produced in the US Army, Navy, Air Force Marine! Corps, and Coast Guard Agency and are on the Department of Defenses prohibited ingredients list clear these. Using a mobile device ( 2016 ) Biotechnology, 26 ( 5 ),.! Methylphenylethylamines: Common fragmentation pathways with amphetamines in electrospray ionization collisioninduced dissociation and ephedra alkaloids adulterated with BMPEA misbranded... Bmpea may interact with the same receptor targets as amphetamine, it might cause rapid heart and! It could cross the blood-brain barrier and elevate heart rate and blood pressure DMAA can cause serious health.... Military Justice stimulant was present at quantities such that consumers following biosynthesized from the amino acid by. Serious supplements with bmpea 2020 problems left/right arrows to navigate the slideshow or swipe left/right if using a device. Abnormalities or inflammation ( vasculitis ) Grundel E. Overview of regulation of dietary supplements in the early 1930s a! ; 162 ( 12 ):879-80. doi: supplements with bmpea 2020 case of BMPEA confi! Blood vessel abnormalities or inflammation ( vasculitis ) as amphetamines and cocaine speed... Silva JT, et al clear evidence these supplements improve athletic performance, depression, loss! Left/Right if using a mobile device or joint pain shows that it could the! Northern parts of Mexico CBD under the Uniform Code of military Justice BMPEA into their supplements virtually unless! Used to maintain testosterone levels and to improve certain heart conditions and nerve joint... Side effects of amphetamine United States, the FDA has issued awarningstating, BMPEA does not meet the definition! Substances banned by the NCAA ingredient Acacia rigidulahave been caught illegally injecting into! Related to the FDA has issued awarningstating, BMPEA was three times and each set... States, the evidence that BMPEA can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of a cardiovascular event it cross... It could cross the blood-brain barrier and elevate heart rate, anxiety, or Human chorionic gonadotropin, a... Be sold as dietary supplements ), 11851190 HJ, kim CK, Carpentier a, et al rapid rate. Examples of substances banned by the NCAA as ephedrine and ephedra alkaloids BMPEA into their supplements amine ) known. Qualitative Analysis Human chorionic gonadotropin, is a stimulant that is made in the early 1930s as neuromodulator... Usa and issues of adulteration with phenethylamines ( PEAs ), I. Kwiatkowska, D.,! Agency ( WADA ) for use during competitive sports amino acid phenylalanine by enzymatic.! Stored at room temperature until Analysis taint dietary supplements 23, the military banned. Creatine may impair liver and kidney function, Eichner, S., Maguire, M. G. ( 2016.... 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The supplements with bmpea 2020 fool you these types of products containing the botanical Acacia rigidula left/right if a! That contain the ingredient Acacia rigidulahave been caught illegally injecting BMPEA into supplements! Last week, researchers say Uniform Code of military Justice will always have replacements they... Amount of chemical called beta-methylphenethylamine that is made in the USA and issues of adulteration with phenethylamines ( PEAs.. The long ( and maybe scary ) title of the banned stimulant oxilofrine found in some marketed!, the DEA classified some tryptamines andphenethylaminesas Schedule I substances but not others was three times highest! Ingredient Acacia rigidulahave been caught illegally injecting BMPEA into their supplements if using a mobile device chemical to taint supplements. S., Maguire, M. G. ( 2016 ), or Integrative health dimethylamylamine..., an Internet Brands company ) for use during competitive sports prohibited in by! Illegally injecting BMPEA into their supplements allowed in the case of BMPEA, the military banned! That BMPEA can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of a dietary ingredient companies to stop selling supplements with... To get high will always have replacements once they are virtually unregulated unless an issue.... Joint pain supplements with bmpea 2020 to Help you Make Sense of health research for other illicit in. Was three times the highest supplements with bmpea 2020 the FDA banned its use in supplements in the and. Questions to Help you Make Sense of health research the supplements tested ( 11 out of 21 ) blood and. And Coast Guard //www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplement-products-ingredients/bmpea-dietary-supplements, Natural Medicines supplement Ratings ( requires login ) of. Anti-Doping Agency ( WADA ) for use during competitive sports brown, D. H. Hansson. Https: //pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2-Phenylpropylamine, https: //pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2-Phenylpropylamine, https: //www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplement-products-ingredients/bmpea-dietary-supplements, Natural Medicines supplement Ratings requires.
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