v3.0, the name and year of birth of the passenger. But, despite living and working in the UK for decades, it emerged last year that some of the families of these Windrush migrants have been threatened with deportation, denied access to NHS treatment, benefits and pensions and stripped of their jobs. The Germans were unwilling to risk moving the ship to a German dockyard for repair, so in October Monte Rosa was used to carry hundreds of civilian workers and engineers to Altafjord where they would repair the Tirpitz in situ. Neither Claud or Rudolph had an address to go to so they both spent their first nights in England at the Clapham South Deep Shelter. Archives, Open Government Licence We can either copy our records onto paper or deliver them to you digitally, Visit us in Kew to see original documents or view online records for free, Consider paying for dozens of the Caribbean passengers were also RAF airmen. Their names, travel details, and certain other particulars are preserved on the ship's manifest beneath the heading 'Alien Passengers', as opposed to 'British . [6] The use of diesel engines reflected the experience Blohm & Voss had gained by building diesel-powered U-boats during World War I. When the people from the Windrush arrived at port, they were faced with discrimination and racism because of the colour . Many untruths persist at various times it has been said that the passengers were all male, all Jamaican and all black. The four killed were Senior Third Engineer George Stockwell, First Electrician J.W. [57] Despite this, the first legislation controlling immigration was not passed until 1962. The Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities' Windrush Day Grant Scheme 2023 has a total pot of 750,000, offering grants of between 5,000 to 50,000. Those that had nowhere to stay were temporarily housed in a former air raid shelter at Clapham South underground station. This article was first published on 27 April 2018. The strike was mounted for the explicit purpose of sinking her after British reconnaissance had obtained details of the ship's movements. The records are in German. [65] Holchu was carrying a cargo of rice and was in good condition aside from a broken mast. Importantly, visitors were encouraged to share memories of and messages of solidarity with the Windrush Generation in the form of postcards that became part of the exhibition. The emergency generator powered the ship's emergency lighting, bilge pump, fire pump and the radio. However, the case for Claud and Rudolph being brothers is weakened somewhat when we discover that the younger of the two, Rudolph, who was seventeen according to the passenger list, left the shelter after only a few days and moved to West London, leaving Claud, 23, behind. Date: 1948 Jun 21 Held by: The National Archives, Kew: Legal status: Public Record(s) Closure status: At 6:45am, all attempts to fight the fire were halted and the order was given to launch the lifeboats, with the first ones away carrying the women and children on board[7][74] and the ship's cat. Official Number: 181561. [49] Another passenger was Nancy Cunard, English writer and heiress to the Cunard shipping fortune, who was on her way back from Trinidad. Major ones to try are the Library of Congress, Washington, the US National Archives and Records Administration, the Ellis Island Foundation, New York, Library and Archives Canada in Ottawa, the National Library of Australia, Canberra, the State Library of New South Wales, Sydney, Archives New Zealand, and the National Archives of Ireland. National Official Numbers are different from IMO Numbers. [22], In September 1943, the Tirpitz was badly damaged by British X-class submarines at Altafjord in Norway, during Operation Source. [76][77] A Royal Air Force Avro Shackleton from 224 Squadron assisted in the rescue. Among them were musicians and boxers, craftsmen and clerks, all . [4], Windrush carried four oil-burning four-stroke single-acting MAN diesel engines with a combined output of 6,880 horsepower (5,130kW). Click on the links in the landing card . [61], In February 1950, the ship was used to transport the last British troops stationed in Greece back to the United Kingdom,[62] embarking the First Battalion of the Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment at Thessaloniki on 5 February, and further troops and their families at Piraeus. [citation needed], On 7 February 1953, around 200 miles (320km) south of the Nicobar Islands, Windrush sighted a small cargo ship, the Holchu, adrift and sent out a general warning. The Windrush Generation Windrush Day marks the anniversary of the arrival of MV Empire Windrush at the Port of Tilbury on 22 June 1948. The UK government was forced to apologise and offered compensation for anyone who had "suffered loss". The passengers (including one stowaway) were the first large group of West Indian immigrants to the UK after the Second World War.. [24], During the winter of 19431944, Monte Rosa continued to shuttle between Norway and Germany. The ship was assessed at 13,882GRT, 7,788NRT. June 2020: To mark this year's Windrush Day, on 22 June, we have retrieved this article from our archives. Graves, Seventh Engineer A. Webster and Eighth Engineer Leslie Pendleton. 22 June 2018 marked the 70th anniversary of the arrival of the ship Empire Windrush at Tilbury Dock, Essex, the beginning of a new chapter in the story of London. https://www.gold.ac.uk/windrush/passenger-list/, Cheryl Butler A new contributor to Historycal Roots, A remarkable find: Cyril Mellonius on Path News, A black soldier in Edgeware (London) in 1919, A newly discovered image of Cyril Adolphus Stuart, Black sailors in the Royal Navy in World War One. It refers to the ship MV Empire Windrush, which docked in Tilbury on 22 June 1948, bringing workers from Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and other islands, to help fill post-war UK labour shortages. There was also an emergency generator outside the engine room. [75], While the ship's 22 lifeboats could accommodate all on board, thick smoke and the lack of electrical power prevented many of them from being launched. The transcription work took us three months but we have been able to use the database to check at the touch of a button whether someone was on board. [72][73], On board were 222 crew and 1,276 passengers, including military personnel and some women and children, dependents of some of the military personnel. Mr Richards, interviewed by the BBC in 1998, was, like many others, shocked to discover the difference between the "mother country" he had seen in books and the reality he was confronted with. [30] The mines detonated when the ship was near resund, damaging the hull; she remained afloat and returned to harbour under her own power. [73], Many of the crew and troops abandoned the ship by climbing down ladders or ropes and jumping into the sea, after first throwing overboard any loose items to hand that would float[7] Some were picked up by Windrush's lifeboats, others by a boat from the first rescue ship, which reached the scene at 7.00am. This is a brilliant resource for anyone with an interest in the Windrush, well done to Goldsmiths for making it available free of charge. The vessel was operated for the British Government by the New Zealand Shipping Company,[7][35] and made one voyage only to the Caribbean before resuming normal trooping voyages. Landing Cards. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. The ship - full name HMT Empire Windrush - was originally a German passenger liner given to the UK as war reparation in 1945. There were 684 males over the age of 12, compared to 257 females over the age of 12. As most eyewitness accounts testify, the majority of people on board the ship were men. Who are the Windrush generation? [74] Although some people were in the sea for two hours,[73] all were rescued and the only fatalities were the four crew killed in the engine room. For records of passengers after 1960 it may be worth contacting the relevant shipping line. London: MV Empire Windrush (The New Zealand Shipping Company Ltd) travelling from Kingston to London. One of Ormonde's passengers was Ralph Lowe, the father of author and poet Hannah Lowe. When you have more than six you have a party.". At the start of World War II, Monte Rosa was allocated for military use. The original list is typed rather than handwritten as some were, so far so good, but unfortunately the entries are very unclear in places, so much so that some of the names are very difficult to decipher. privacy policy, Need more context? Monte Rosa had the German Official Number 1640. While doing our own transcription we identified another problem, anyone relying on the details transcribed from that list onto sites like Ancestry.co.uk may be disappointed as, in many cases, where a name was hard to read, whoever did the transcription work for Ancestry simply gave up and moved onto the next legible entry. Merchant ships in service with the United Kingdom Government during and after World War 2 had names prefixed with the word Empire. [86][87], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}3700N 211E / 37.000N 2.183E / 37.000; 2.183, Wreck location, in the western Mediterranean Sea. [13], After the Nazi regime came to power in Germany in 1933, the ship was used by the party to help spread its ideology. The Monte class ships were all named after mountains in Germany and South America, Monte Rosa being the second highest . 2023 BBC. [23] During this time, Monte Rosa was docked alongside the battleship to act as accommodation for the workers. [84] This chapter in the boat's history was also commemorated, although fleetingly only, in the Pandemonium sequence of the Opening Ceremony of the Games of the XXX Olympiad in London, 27 July 2012. Click on the links in the landing card column to view a recreation of their card. When the Empire Windrush docked at Tilbury in Essex on June 22, 1948 it was carrying a crowded cargo of around 500 West Indian settlers dressed in their Sunday best. [7][74] The last person to leave Windrush was the chief officer at 7:30am. Your search will be made easier if you can find out: Search and download lists of passengers arriving in the UK on ships that departed from ports outside Europe and the Mediterranean, though lists include passengers who joined ships at European and Mediterranean ports en route to the UK, between 1878 and 1960 (BT 26) on the Ancestry.co.uk () website. However the German chief of sea transport at Aarhus in Denmark, together with Monte Rosa's captain, Heinrich Bertram, conspired to prevent this by falsely reporting serious engine trouble to the German High Command. [71] It took 10 weeks to reach Port Said. [12] When the ship sank in 1954 she had the British Official Number 181561. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. [13], Monte Rosa's entry into service came just as the Great Depression was causing a serious downturn in Hamburg Sd's cruise business. This information will help us make improvements to the website. Look at Source 3. Those who had not already arranged accommodation were temporarily housed in the Clapham South deep shelter in south-west London, less than a mile away from the Coldharbour Lane Employment Exchange in Brixton, where some of the arrivals sought work. You need to sign in to tag. No air passenger lists have survived. This action may have contributed to the Rescue of the Danish Jews. No air passenger lists have survived. [1][2] 802 of these passengers gave their last country of residence as somewhere in the Caribbean: of these, 693 intended to settle in the United Kingdom.[1]. Surely if they were brothers they might have stuck together? They had boarded the ship in Jamaica, where the Windrush had docked en route from Australia to England. But she was constructed not in one of the shipyards that then lined the Clyde and the Tyne but in Hamburg, by the German firm Blohm & Voss. 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