There was five digits in each number and 21 numbers in most columns. Despite his modest background, Hayhanen was an honor student and, in 1939, obtained the equivalent of a certificate to teach high school. In 1957, Reino Hayhanen, a lieutenant colonel in the KGB, walked into the American embassy in Paris and announced his intention to defect to the West. Moments later, FBI agents saw him take a subway to 28th Street, and they stood by unnoticed as he emerged from the subway and walked to the Hotel Latham on East 28th Street. The exchange took place on the Glienicke Bridge that linked West Berlin with Potsdam, which became famous during the Cold War as the "Bridge of Spies". He moved to Russia in the 1920s, and served in the Soviet military before undertaking foreign service as a radio operator in Soviet intelligence in the late 1920s and early 30s. Back in the Soviet Union, he lectured on his experiences. The two men were brought to separate sides of the Glienicker Bridge, which connects East and West Berlin across Lake Wannsee. How did the Supreme Court rule in Rudolf Abel's Case? Letters subsequently received from him indicated that he was in a Lithuanian hospital. He was given a modest pension and in 1968 published KGB-approved memoirs. They also made several short trips together to Atlantic City, Philadelphia, Albany, Greenwich, and other communities in the eastern part of the United States. A few Western correspondents were invited there to view for themselves the true identity of the spy who never "broke". [32] Fisher was relieved when the Rosenbergs did not disclose any information about him to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), but the arrests heralded a bleak outlook for his new spy network. He died in 1971. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. Hayhanen was born near Leningrad on May 14, 1920. From Los Angeles came a peculiar-looking 1953 Lincoln penny. Nearly 10 years later, Mark was to admit that he had used Kayotis passport during the fall of 1948 in booking passage aboard an ocean liner from LeHavre, France, to Canada. Full case name. [7] While living in the United Kingdom, Fisher's father, a keen Bolshevik, took part in gunrunning, shipping arms from northeast England to Russia's Baltic coast. In 1948, a well-trained Soviet intelligence agent arrived in the United States. TRANSMIT INSERTIONS SEPARATELY.5. Full information concerning Rhodes involvement in Russian espionage was disseminated to the Army; and following a court-martial, he was sentenced to serve five years at hard labor.). Abel, who was born in Newcastle as William Fisher and once worked at Swan Hunter in Wallsend, went on to become a Russian spy during the Cold War. The four powers were to discuss tensions in the two Germanys and negotiate new disarmament treaties. Corrections? [62] The jury retired for three and a half hours and returned on the afternoon of October 25, 1957, finding Fisher guilty on all three counts. [8][6] Fisher's father, a revolutionary activist, taught and agitated with Vladimir Lenin at Saint Petersburg Technological Institute. Khrushchev also canceled an invitation for Eisenhower to visit the USSR. He also checked a dead-drop location he had memorized. After completing a two-year stint with a radio battalion of the Red Army, he joined the OGPU security agency in 1927. At 6:50 p.m., this man departed on footthe agents, certain their presence had not been detected, chose to wait rather than take a chance of trailing the wrong man. However, on 21 October 1952, as instructed by Moscow, Reino Hyhnen left a thumbtack on a signpost in New York's Central Park. IT IS TOO EARLY TO SEND YOU THE GAMMAS. Charged with espionage, he confessed to being a Soviet spy named "Rudolf Ivanovich Abel" -- believed to be a signal to his superiors that he had been captured. Following his return to Russia what happened to Rudolf Abel? Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Fisher could not leave the country as Martin Collins, Emil Goldfus, or even the long-forgotten Andrew Kayotis. Thats Mark.. The certificate in the name of Collins was a forgery. The Soviet intelligence service had a new assignment for Hayhanenone which would require him to sever relations with his family, to study the English language, and to receive special training in photographing documents, as well as to encode and decode messages. Frederic LeRoy Pryor (April 23, 1933 - September 2, 2019) was an American economist. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The Hollow Nickel Case (or the Hollow Coin) was the FBI investigation that grew out of the discovery of a container disguised as a U.S. coin and containing a coded message, eventually found to concern espionage activities of William August Fisher ( a.k.a. Rudolf Abel was born William Fisher in England in 1903. In the modest home of Hayhanen and his wife on Dorislee Drive in Peekskill, New York, FBI agents found such items as a 50 Markka coin from Finland. Abel, a colonel in the KGB, ha. One of the coins seemed to have a peculiar ring. >> have to thank mark palermo for bringing this to us and the brooklyn historical society. He passed America's atomic secrets to the KGB. On June 21, 1957, he was arrested by the FBI, and on October 25, 1957, a federal district court in Brooklyn found him guilty of espionage, relying in part on testimony by Soviet Lieutenant Colonel Reino Hayhanen, who had defected to the West and who stated that he had been Abel's chief coconspirator in the United States. Thats Mikhail.. Months of determined probing by the FBIs scientists and investigative staff had led merely to one blind alley after another. [6], Fisher and his brother, Henry,[11] won scholarships to Whitley Bay High School and Monkseaton High School. Two days later, on June 24, 1953, during a discussion of another investigation, a detective of the New York City Police Department told an FBI agent about the strange hollow nickel which, he had heard, was discovered by a Brooklyn youth. [27] The real Goldfus had died at only 14 months, having been born on August 2, 1902, in New York. In examining the nickel, agents of the FBIs New York Office noted that the microphotograph appeared to portray nothing more then ten columns of typewritten numbers. In particular, he became a friend of Burton Silverman. This man occasionally walked about the park; he appeared to be nervous; and he created the impression that he was looking for someonepossibly attempting to determine any unusual activity in the neighborhood. During the FBIs extensive interviews with him, in May 1957 Hayhanen was carefully questioned regarding the codes and cryptosystems which he had used in the various Soviet intelligence agencies he had served since 1939. Roughly halfway through his journey, he was shot down over Sverdlovsk in the Ural Mountains. There were not enough. His mother also was American born, but his father had immigrated to the United States from Finland in 1905. It had been placed in the dead drop about two years previously, but, by a trick of fate, a repair crew had filled the hole in the stairs with cement, entombing the bolt and the message it contained. Abel returned to Moscow, where he was forced into retirement by the KGB, who feared that during his five years of captivity U.S. authorities had convinced him to become a double agent. In 1990 the USSR released a stamp depicting Rudolf Abel as part of series: Damaskin, Igor with Elliott, Geoffrey. After serving four years of a 30-year sentence in an Atlanta, Georgia, prison, Rudolf Abel was traded to the Soviet Union for American pilot Francis Gary Powers, who had been shot down in a U-2 spy plane over Russia. Since he had studied the Finnish language and was very proficient in its use, Hayhanen was assigned as an interpreter to an NKVD group and sent to the combat zone to translate captured documents and interrogate prisoners during the Finnish-Soviet war. In the mid-1920s, Eugene Makis parents became deeply impressed by glowing reports of conditions in the new Russia. In August, Powers pleaded guilty to espionage charges in Moscow and was sentenced to 10 years imprisonmentthree in prison and seven in a prison colony. The CIA turned Hayhanen over to the FBI to investigate the claims. On the evening of Monday, June 22, 1953, a delivery boy for the Brooklyn Eagle knocked on the door of one of his customers in the apartment building at 3403 Foster Avenue in Brooklyn. [45] Escape was complicated because, if "MARK" had been compromised by Hyhnen, Fisher's other identities could have been compromised as well. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. In 1927, the family migrated to Estonia. However, private treatment by the agency he had served for decades was not as warm. From 1953 to 1957, continuing efforts were made to solve the mystery of the hollow coin. It was the archetypal Cold War tale - an undercover operative arrested after his. He was released in 1962, however, in exchange for the Soviet spy Rudolf Abel. [68] For the sake of its own reputation it suited the KGB to portray "Abel's" nine years of being an undetected agent in the United States as a triumph by a dedicated NKVD member. He described Mikhail as probably between 40 and 50 years old; medium build; long, thin nose; dark hair; and about five feet, nine inches tall. On February 10, 1962 it was exchanged in Berlin. Soviet spy William Fisher, a.k.a. The surveillance continued on "MARK" and, on the night of 13 June, a light was seen to go on in Fisher's studio at 10:00 pm. Several weeks before he departed for America, Hayhanen was recalled to Moscow and introduced to a Soviet agent, Mikhail, who was to serve as his espionage superior in this country. 2/9/2021, 7:27:06 PM. The Soviet spy, Rudolf Abel, has written a note to James B. Donovan, his courtappointed defender in a 1957 espionage trial . Count One (Conspiracy to transmit defense information to the Soviet Union), 30 years imprisonment. [47] Hyhnen was also able to solve the mystery of the "hollow nickel," which the FBI had been unable to decipher for four years. On February 10, 1962, American spy pilot Francis Gary Powers is released by the Soviets in exchange for Soviet Colonel Rudolf Abel, a senior KGB spy who was caught in the United States five. He appeared before Judge Mortimer W. Byers on November 15, 1957 and was sentenced as follows (the three sentences to be served concurrently): Colonel Abel appealed his convictions, claiming that rights guaranteed to him under the Constitution and laws of the United States had been violated. Fisher decided that he would not turn traitor as Hyhnen had done because he still trusted the KGB and he knew that if he cooperated with the FBI, he would not see his wife and daughter again. Is time wrong? On February 10, 1962, Rudolf Invanovich Abel was exchanged for the American U-2 pilot, Francis Gary Powers, who was a prisoner of the Soviet Union. For the past five years, I have been operating in the United States. The real Andrew Kayotis, believed to have died in a Lithuanian hospital, was born in Lithuania on October 10, 1895. [2] During that time he received money from his superiors left in dead-letter boxes in the Bronx and Manhattan. The information which Hayhanen furnished to U.S. officials in Paris, France, in May 1957, was immediately checked. In exchange for asylum, he promised CIA agents he could help expose a major Soviet spy network in the United States and identify its director. Upon returning to the United States, Powers was cleared by the CIA and the Senate of any personal blame for the U-2 incident. Fisher was publicly feted a hero upon his return to the Soviet Union. Verified answer. Hyhnen, Fisher's former assistant, testified against him at the trial. [5] Trained as a radio operator, he served in a Red Army radio battalion in 1925 and 1926. Due to a law that bans construction near the habitat of endangered species, developers kill and hide endangered species found on their land. [4] He served just over four years of his sentence before he was exchanged for captured American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers. Less than three weeks later, acting on Hyhnen's information, surveillance was established near Fisher's photo studio. discuss how the story is a trade in the film. Enter a date in the format M/D (e.g., 1/1), The Spy Who Kept the Cold War From Boiling Over, https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spies-swapped, Iconic child star Shirley Temple dies at 85, Laura Ingalls Wilder, chronicler of American frontier life, dies, World chess champion Garry Kasparov loses game to computer, Final episode of Arrested Development airs on Fox, Auto safety crusader Ralph Nader testifies before Congress. He is generally better known by the alias, Rudolf Abel, which he adopted on his arrest.His last name is sometimes given as Fischer; his patronymic is sometimes less exactly transliterated as Genrikovich. He admitted his first Soviet contact in New York had been "MIKHAIL" and upon being shown a series of photographs of Soviet officials identified "MIKHAIL" as Mikhail Svirin. Making contact with the KGB residency he received another $200 for his journey to Moscow. He was given a modest pension and in 1968 published KGB-approved memoirs. [2][37][38], Late in 1953, Fisher moved to Brooklyn and rented a room in a boarding house on Hicks Street. Its not suitable for a magic trick, one novelty salesman commented. After handing back Kayotis's passport and documents, Fisher assumed the name Goldfus. We strive for accuracy and fairness. If thats `Mark, hell return, they correctly surmised. The hollowed-out area is too small to hide anything aside from a tiny piece of paper. However, the Soviets retained his passport, which Fisher eventually used. On February 10, 1962 at around 8:50 a . Svirin, however, had returned to Moscow two years previously. spies," is based on the story of rudolf abel, arrested in new york city, convicted, and exchanged for u.s. biplane pilot. Hayhanen described Mark as about 50 years old or possibly older; approximately five feet ten inches tall; thin gray hair; and medium build. For Eisenhower to visit the USSR the United States hide endangered species found on land! 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